Институт

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3 Answers 3

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In the Soviet Union «Институт» was a single-profile higher education institution. So, for example, if they had all the stuff like math, physics, law, philology, economics etc. they were called «a university» but if only, say, medicine, they were «an institute».

In the first years of modern Russia many former «institutes» chose «to upgrade» themselves and became «universities» (or «academies»), sometimes really getting many new profiles, sometimes not. So there are not too many of them left now. Therefore the term «Институт» (except if not related to a higher education at all) is used in two different meanings: (a) a real single-profile higher education institution as in Soviet times, which is mostly dead now, and (b) any modern university which was «институт» about 20-30 years ago.

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answered Feb 12, 2017 at 7:44
Matt Matt
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Just to add: In USSR there was no more than one university per a big city. The names of these universities were simply: Moscow State University, Novosibirsk State University, etc. Other higher education centers were all called institutes followed by, or preceded with specialization. I.e. Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute. Almost all of them were renamed to universities in the 90-s because a) it sounds more prestigious, and b) in western tradition it does not have to be only one university per city. But there were notable exceptions, for example MIPT (МФТИ) remained an institute.

Commented Feb 16, 2017 at 5:40

@farfareast In USSR there was no more than one university per a big city Well, at the very least in Moscow, besides МГУ, there was (and still is) Университет Дружбы Народов им. Лумумбы. Though Moscow is always an exception, I admit.

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Источники:

https://ihist.bas.bg/&rut=e475998e5f36cc4c816f7aa9cc9854931a7d0fcd647a4cefb2f603f23cdc7b11
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82&rut=73880d4028e5187aba98d25d6c530bff174508f7b3a23b7d4fea8229a85a4fc5
https://russian.stackexchange.com/questions/13954/difference-between-%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82-and-%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82&rut=cb95ad9be7bc0233dc7a9b0919490ccf248df39d8a42754dcfe62c82640a5964
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/institute&rut=d42136b20e0fc51bf8b58a02051516c67e9623532db26dbf379bce821316fac9
https://www.nih.gov/&rut=c792ae621998010ad7d7ac0e385c0518d74ef1f075a8a0718d076bc80073ce74